Through the study and autumn monitoring of the woodcock (Scolopax rusticola), hunters from French-speaking and Ticino provide science with citizen collaboration essential to improving knowledge and sustainable management of the species.
The cumulative data from each hunting trip collected since 2000 by members of the Swiss Woodcock Association (ASB) makes it possible to estimate the abundance, distribution in the postnuptial migratory period and the migratory/wintering phenology of the species. then analyze its demographic structure, annual variations and trends.
In 2014, the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) decided to support the "National Woodcock Project" which includes field monitoring focused on the ecology and ethology of the bird, the effect hunting, changing environments, natural predation and disturbance to its native populations.
In 2021, several “Proposals for hunting management measures” are submitted to the cantonal services concerned and recommend that they implement effectiveness monitoring.
From autumn 2024, the ASB Béc@suisse mobile application, of which the FOEN contributed to the development, allows the woodcock to transmit field information in real time with a simple click and to feed a national database in informing:
- start and end of each route
- raised woodcock (seen or heard taking flight)
- woodcock taken with age class (Juvenile / Adult). If he is not a confirmed wing reader, the hunter checks NC (Unclassified) and takes two photos (front/back) of a deployed wing
- weight of each catch, indicated after weighing at home.
- optional sex because it involves an autopsy
On his Application, the hunter has access to reports of his journeys and to the map of ICA by biogeographic region (Jura, Plateau, Pre-Alps, Ticino).
The authorized ASB scientific manager(s) has access, during or at the end of the season, via the internet, to the Excel spreadsheet summarizing all the routes which allows him, through sorting and calculations, to determine:
- ICA (hunting abundance index): number of woodcocks collected during a typical hunting trip of a standard duration of 3.5 hours
- ICP (hunting harvest index): number of harvests during a typical outing
- age-ratio: percentage of Juveniles on the total collection. The NCs are taken into account, at the end of the season by reading the photos of wings transmitted, by an official reader or in the future thanks to AI (artificial intelligence)
- sex ratio if a sufficient number of birds are sexed
- average, minimum and maximum weight
- flush pressure
These elements are worked on to be presented in figures or graphs by:
- canton, linguistic region (Romandie / Ticino), biogeographic region
- day, decade, month or season
- altitude zone
At the end of the season, a detailed report established by the ASB scientific manager is made available to the OFEV and the cantons where this hunting is practiced as well as to the FANBPO scientific commission (Federation of National Associations of Snipe of the Western Palearctic) which brings together the information communicated by member clubs (Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Ireland, Wales, Switzerland, etc.) to produce a global scientific report (FAROW) on population dynamics on a continent-wide scale.
The cantons could benefit from Béc@suisse as an adaptive hunting management tool. Based on outings from mid-October of volunteer woodcocks on predefined control routes (excluding breeding areas) and monitoring of the increase in ACI, the opening date could no longer be set by a random fixed calendar. but take into account the presence of allogenes with an ICA threshold to be agreed. In proven breeding areas the opening could be delayed.