This Android application is an explanation of Muhammadiyah's understanding of hisab and guidance for worship during the month of Ramadan by Prof. Dr. Syamsul Anwar, M.A. In Pdf format.
A. The meaning of Siyam and Qiyam Ramadan
Siyam Ramadan means fasting in the month of Ramadan. Qiyam Ramadan means performing worship on the nights of the month of Ramadan, namely Tarawih prayers.
Fasting in fiqh is formulated as, "refraining from eating, not drinking, not having sex, or not doing anything that breaks the fast from sunrise to sunset with the sincere intention of obeying divine instructions to achieve piety." Even though it is done from dawn to sunset, it is excluded in high latitude areas in the summer where the days are so long that it is not possible for people to fast from dawn to dusk. For this, the jurists carry out their own ijtihad regarding the terms of time.
B. The Law of Siyam (Fasting) Ramadan
The law of fasting during Ramadan is fardhu (obligatory) for every male and female Muslim who is of puberty (adult according to the Sharia measure of maturity) as confirmed in the verse:
O believers, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may attain piety [Q. 2: 183].
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