Criminal law is a substantive and formal rules that define crimes and punishments and how to move the criminal case stages and the judgment and the appeal until the retrial and amnesty provisions for the group.

• substantive rules in criminal law called (Penal Code).

• the formal rules of criminal law called (Code of Criminal Procedure or Criminal Procedure).

Definition of the Penal Code

  Penal Code is a set of legal rules that define the crimes and the consequent commission of sanctions.

• This means that the rules of the Penal Code consists of two parts:

• The first is the criminalization and depend on it to determine the crimes.

• The second is the punishment, depending upon determining sanctions.

• Both criminalization and punishment are two sides of the same coin, where no crime without punishment and no punishment without a crime is considered.