Malcolm X (1925–1965) was a prominent African American civil rights activist and advocate for black empowerment. He played a crucial role in the struggle for racial equality and justice during the 1950s and 1960s in the United States. Initially a member of the Nation of Islam, a Black separatist religious movement, he preached about self-defense, self-reliance, and the need for black Americans to assert their rights and dignity.

Over time, Malcolm X's views evolved, and he became more open to cooperation with other civil rights groups and individuals. He eventually distanced himself from the Nation of Islam and embraced a more inclusive vision of racial harmony and unity. His journey took him from radicalism to a broader perspective that emphasized global human rights.

Tragically, Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965, cutting short his efforts to create social change and advance the cause of civil rights. He left behind a legacy of thought-provoking speeches, writings, and ideas that continue to inspire discussions about racial justice, identity, and activism.