A Study in Scarlet "is the first published story of one of the most famous literary detectives of all time, Sherlock Holmes. Here Dr. Watson, who has just returned from a war in Afghanistan, meets Sherlock Holmes for the first time. roommates on famous 221 B. Baker Street. In "A Study in Scarlet," Sherlock Holmes investigates a murder in Lauriston Gardens while Dr. Watson accompanies Holmes as he narratively details his incredible deductive abilities.