The age calculator takes into account various factors to ensure precise calculations. It considers leap years, which occur every four years to account for the extra day in February. This is important because it affects the number of days in a year and, consequently, the person's age. Additionally, the age calculator considers the varying lengths of months. Some months have 30 days, while others have 31, and February can have either 28 or 29 days. By factoring in the specific dates of birth and the current date, the age calculator accurately determines the number of months and days within the given timeframe.