The Louisiana Orthopaedic Association (LOA) is the state society of orthopaedic surgeons in Louisiana. The LOA is an affiliated state society of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Orthopaedic surgeons are concerned with the diagnosis, care, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The orthopaedic surgeon’s scope of practice includes disorders of the body's bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. LOA members have completed four years of medical school and at least five years of an approved "residency" in orthopaedics. In addition, they must pass a comprehensive oral and written examination to be certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. There are several categories for membership. Active members are board certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery.