Norman Wilkinson developed dazzle camouflage for use on Allied ships during World War 1. Rather than hide the ship in plain sight, Wilkinson's Dazzle attempted to distort the silhouette of the ship using juxtaposed planes of color and pattern. When seen through a German U-Boat periscope this made it difficult for the First Watch Officer to judge distance and speed, which made it next to impossible to arm their torpedoes.